{"id":12686,"date":"2016-11-01T02:00:32","date_gmt":"2016-11-01T01:00:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.saporedicina.com\/english\/?p=12686"},"modified":"2022-02-07T22:56:08","modified_gmt":"2022-02-07T21:56:08","slug":"ba-chinese-grammar","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.saporedicina.com\/english\/ba-chinese-grammar\/","title":{"rendered":"Chinese structures with \u628a (b\u01ce) in Chinese grammar"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.saporedicina.com\/english\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/10\/structures-ba-cinese-grammar.jpg\" title=\"Chinese structures with \u628a (b\u01ce)\" alt=\"Chinese structures with \u628a (b\u01ce)\" width=\"700\" height=\"347\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-12718\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Phrases with \u628a (b\u01ce) represent a peculiar characteristic of the Chinese language. The function of the character \u628a is directly derived from classical Chinese where it had the meaning of &#8220;to take&#8221;. <\/p>\n<p>Now this character is used for the verb &#8220;to take&#8221; and as a classifier for objects that can be grasped or objects with a handle (\u4e24\u628a\u6905\u5b50, li\u01ceng b\u01ce y\u01d0zi, \u201ctwo seats\u201d). <\/p>\n<p>Phrases with \u628a are used to emphasize the result or consequence produced by a verbs. As an aid, think of phrases with \u628a as responding to the question \u201c<strong>what did the subject do to the object?<\/strong>\u201d.<\/p>\n<p>When using phrases with \u628ab\u01ce, the position of the object changes: the object comes \u201c<strong>first<\/strong>\u201d. Yes, usually simple phrases in Chinese go Subject + Verb + Object, but in this case it becomes <strong>Subject + Object + Verb<\/strong>, a formula directly derived from classical Chinese and still used in modern Japanese which, let&#8217;s remember, is more similar to classical Chinese than modern Chinese. <\/p>\n<p>Structures with \u628a, as mentioned before, serve to place emphasis on the effect that is applied to a determined object, and to do so, the verb alone is not enough. For this reason, right after the verb \u201c<strong>other elements<\/strong>\u201d must be inserted that indicate the <strong>result<\/strong> caused by the action. <strong><!--more--><\/strong><\/p>\n<h2>Conditions to respect<\/h2>\n<p>In order to elavorate a phrase with \u628a there are certain conditions to respect.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1st condition<\/strong>: the object must refer to something specific and definite. In this way the speaker and listener know exactly what is being spoken of.<\/p>\n<p>\u6211\u5f1f\u5f1f<strong>\u628a<\/strong>\u9e21\u86cb\u5403\u4e86\u3002<br \/>\nW\u01d2 d\u00ecdi b\u01ce j\u012bd\u00e0n ch\u012b le.<br \/>\nMy younger brother ate the egg.<\/p>\n<p>\u4ed6<strong>\u628a<\/strong>\u684c\u5b50\u64e6\u5e72\u51c0\u4e86\u3002<br \/>\nT\u0101 b\u01ce zhu\u014dzi c\u0101 g\u0101nj\u00ecng le.<br \/>\nHe cleaned the table.<\/p>\n<p><strong>2nd condition<\/strong>: the action expressed by the verb must bring about a conclusion or be completed. So usually the verbs or particles used express a change. As an example, you use the <strong>results<\/strong> or <a href=\"https:\/\/www.saporedicina.com\/english\/use-particle-chinese-grammar\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">the particle \u4e86 (le)<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>Here are some examples:<\/p>\n<p>\u6211\u8fd8\u6ca1<strong>\u628a<\/strong>\u8bba\u6587\u5199\u5b8c\u4e86\u3002<br \/>\nW\u01d2 h\u00e1i m\u00e9i b\u01ce l\u00f9nw\u00e9n xi\u011bw\u00e1n le.<br \/>\nI haven&#8217;t yet finished writing the thesis.<\/p>\n<p>\u6211<strong>\u628a<\/strong>\u91cd\u5e86\u5927\u5b66\u7684\u5730\u5740\u5fd8\u4e86\u3002<br \/>\nW\u01d2 b\u01ce Ch\u00f3ngq\u00ecng d\u00e0xu\u00e9 de d\u00eczh\u01d0 w\u00e0ngle.<br \/>\nI forgot the address of Chongqing University.<\/p>\n<p>\u5343\u4e07\uff0c\u522b<strong>\u628a<\/strong>\u6c49\u5b57\u5199\u9519\uff01<br \/>\nQi\u0101nw\u00e0n, bi\u00e9 b\u01ce H\u00e0nz\u00ec xi\u011b cu\u00f2!<br \/>\nI recommend that you don&#8217;t write the wrong characters!<\/p>\n<p>\u4ed6\u5f88\u5feb\u5730<strong>\u628a<\/strong>\u5564\u9152\u5e26\u8d70\u4e86\u3002<br \/>\nT\u0101 h\u011bn ku\u00e0i de b\u01ce p\u00edji\u01d4 d\u00e0iz\u01d2u le.<br \/>\nHe made that beer disappear quickly.<\/p>\n<p>\u8c01<strong>\u628a<\/strong>\u95e8\u9501\u4e86\uff1f<br \/>\nShe\u00ed b\u01cem\u00e9n su\u01d2 le?<br \/>\nWho locked the door?<\/p>\n<p><strong>3rd condition<\/strong>: when there&#8217;s a doubling of the verb or an intensity modifier (\u4e00\u4e0b(y\u012bxi\u00e0), \u4e00\u70b9(y\u012bdi\u01cen), or \u201ca little\u2019\u201d).<\/p>\n<p>\u6211\u5e94\u8be5<strong>\u628a<\/strong>\u623f\u95f4\u6536\u62fe\u6536\u62fe\u3002<br \/>\nW\u01d2 y\u012bngg\u0101i b\u01ce f\u00e1ngji\u0101n sh\u014dushi sh\u014dushi.<br \/>\nI should organize my room. <\/p>\n<p><strong>4th condition<\/strong>: in the presence of greater degree.<\/p>\n<p>\u8bf7<strong>\u628a<\/strong>\u6536\u97f3\u673a\u5f00\u5f97\u5927\u58f0\u4e00\u70b9\u3002<br \/>\nQ\u01d0ng b\u01ce sh\u014duy\u012bnj\u012b k\u0101i de d\u00e0sh\u0113ng y\u012bdi\u01cen.<br \/>\nPlease raise the radio&#8217;s volume a little bit.<\/p>\n<p><strong>5th condition<\/strong>: in imperative phrases when at the end there&#8217;s the particle \u7740 (zhe) which indicates the persistence of the action.<\/p>\n<p>\u8bf7<strong>\u628a<\/strong>\u706f\u62ff\u7740\u3002<br \/>\nQ\u01d0ng b\u01ce d\u0113ng n\u00e1zhe.<br \/>\nPlease, hold the lamp.<\/p>\n<p>\u8bf7<strong>\u628a<\/strong>\u94b1\u5305\u62ff\u7740\u3002<br \/>\nQ\u01d0ng b\u01ce qi\u00e1nb\u0101o n\u00e1zhe.<br \/>\nPlease, hold my wallet.<\/p>\n<p><strong>6th condition<\/strong>: in the presence of the characters \u4e3a (w\u00e8i), \u6210 (ch\u00e9ng), \u4f5c (zu\u00f2) or \u5f53\u4f5c (d\u00e0ngzu\u00f2), all meaning &#8220;to become&#8221;, \u201cact like\u201d, \u201cconsider as\u201d, \u201cuse as\u201d, etc.<\/p>\n<p>\u6211\u60f3<strong>\u628a<\/strong>\u83ab\u8a00\u5199\u7684\u5c0f\u8bf4\u7ffb\u8bd1\u6210\u610f\u5927\u5229\u6587\u3002<br \/>\nW\u01d2 xi\u01ceng b\u01ce M\u00f2 Y\u00e1n xi\u011b de xi\u01ceoshu\u014d f\u0101ny\u00ec ch\u00e9ng Y\u00ecd\u00e0l\u00ec w\u00e9n.<br \/>\nI want to translate into Italian the novels written by Mo Yan.<\/p>\n<p>\u6211<strong>\u628a<\/strong>\u91cd\u5e86\u770b\u4f5c\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u5bb6\u3002<br \/>\nW\u01d2 b\u01ce Ch\u00f3ngq\u00ecng k\u00e0nzu\u00f2 z\u00ecj\u01d0 de ji\u0101.<br \/>\nI consider Chongqing my home.<\/p>\n<p>\u4ed6\u4eec<strong>\u628a<\/strong>\u6211\u770b\u4f5c\u5bb6\u91cc\u4eba\u3002<br \/>\nT\u0101men b\u01ce w\u01d2 k\u00e0nzu\u00f2 ji\u0101l\u01d0 r\u00e9n.<br \/>\nThey consider me one of the family.<\/p>\n<p>\u4e0b\u96e8\u4e86\uff0c\u6211\u5fd8\u4e86\u5e26\u96e8\u4f1e\u3002\u6211\u53ef\u4ee5<strong>\u628a<\/strong>\u4e66\u5305\u7528\u4f5c\u96e8\u4f1e\u3002<br \/>\nXi\u00e0y\u01d4 le, w\u01d2 w\u00e0ngle d\u00e0i y\u01d4s\u01cen. W\u01d2 k\u011by\u01d0 b\u01ce sh\u016bb\u0101o y\u00f2ngzu\u00f2 y\u01d4s\u01cen.<br \/>\nIt started to rain and I forgot to bring an umbrella. I can use my book bag as an umbrella.<\/p>\n<p><strong>7th condition<\/strong>: in the presence of places or additional directions.<\/p>\n<p>\u6211<strong>\u628a<\/strong>\u684c\u5b50\u4e0a\u7684\u7c89\u7b14\u653e\u5728\u76d2\u5b50\u91cc\u3002<br \/>\nW\u01d2 b\u01ce zhu\u014dzi sh\u00e0ng de f\u1eb9\u030cnb\u01d0 f\u00e0ng z\u00e0i h\u00e9zi l\u01d0.<br \/>\nI put the chalk on the table into the box.<\/p>\n<p>\u6211<strong>\u628a<\/strong>\u6c7d\u8f66\u5f00\u8fdb\u8f66\u5e93\u53bb\u4e86\u3002<br \/>\nW\u01d2 b\u01ce q\u00ecch\u0113 k\u0101ij\u00ecn ch\u0113k\u00f9 q\u00f9 le.<br \/>\nI put (driving) the car in the garage.<\/p>\n<p>\u8bf7\u4ece\u4e66\u67b6\u4e0a<strong>\u628a<\/strong>\u4e66\u62ff\u4e0b\u6765\u5427\u3002<br \/>\nQ\u01d0ng c\u00f3ng sh\u016bji\u00e0 sh\u00e0ng b\u01ce sh\u016b n\u00e1 xi\u00e0lai ba.<br \/>\nPlease take the book off the shelf.<\/p>\n<p>\u97e9\u56fd\u540c\u5b66<strong>\u628a<\/strong>\u6c49\u5b57\u5199\u5728\u9ed1\u677f\u4e0a\u3002<br \/>\nH\u00e1ngu\u00f3 t\u00f3ngxu\u00e9 b\u01ce H\u00e0nz\u00ec xi\u011b z\u00e0i h\u0113ib\u01cen sh\u00e0ng.<br \/>\nMy Korean classmate wrote characters on the chalkboard.<\/p>\n<h2>Clarifications on \u628a<\/h2>\n<p>If the phrase is negative, the negating adverb immediately precedes the \u628a:<\/p>\n<p>\u6211\u6628\u5929\u6ca1<strong>\u628a<\/strong>\u5bab\u4fdd\u9e21\u4e01\u5403\u5b8c\u3002<br \/>\nW\u01d2 zu\u00f3ti\u0101n m\u00e9i b\u01ce g\u014dngb\u01ceo j\u012bd\u012bng ch\u012bw\u00e1n.<br \/>\nYesterday I didn&#8217;t finish eating the Gongbao Jiding.<\/p>\n<p>Auxiliary modals always precede \u628a:<\/p>\n<p>\u5c0f\u5b69\u5b50\u4e0d\u613f\u610f<strong>\u628a<\/strong>\u7535\u89c6\u5173\u4e0a\u3002<br \/>\nXi\u01ceo h\u00e1izi b\u00f9 yu\u00e0nyi b\u01ce di\u00e0nsh\u00ec gu\u0101nshang.<br \/>\nThe kids don&#8217;t want to turn of the television.<\/p>\n<p>You should never use the particle \u8fc7:<\/p>\n<p>\u5343\u4e07\uff0c\u522b<strong>\u628a<\/strong>\u5b66\u4e60\u4e2d\u6587\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u8ba9\u7ed9\u73a9\u6e38\u620f\u3002<br \/>\nQi\u0101nw\u00e0n, bi\u00e9 b\u01ce xu\u00e9x\u00ed Zh\u014dngw\u00e9n de sh\u00edji\u0101n r\u00e0ngg\u011bi w\u00e1n y\u00f3ux\u00ec.<br \/>\nI recommend that you don&#8217;t spend your time for learning Chinese for playing around.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Important<\/strong>: in written language, at times you can find \u5c06 (ji\u0101ng) in place of \u628a. The meaning of the phrase doesn&#8217;t change, just pay attention to the use of \u5c06.<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"credits\">Photo Credits: <a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/2.0\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener noreferrer\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.saporedicina.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/icon\/cc.png\" alt=\"Creative Commons License\" width=\"14\" height=\"14\"\/><\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.flickr.com\/photos\/no_exit\/2315768899\/in\/photolist-4wCVpZ-4LZaTg-4uTJSN-4uTJGW-4tNAKJ-4M4kss-4uTJKL-4tNB5Q-4M4kcL-4LZaig-4xkyrq-4wNpZK-4wH2MN-4xvSyP-4wCUST-4tNAuC-4xgqz6-4uTJPw-4tNACq-4xkz3S-4xkyGJ-4xkCaY-4uTJts-4xkydy-4xgmin-4wSxFJ-4xA4WE-4xkxKA-4vhfGS-4xgmM6-4xCrBW-4uTJYf-4xvSC6-4uTK1h-4uPEDr-5f2JJn-4xvSDT-4uPEdK-4xA5n3-4uPEja-4tJyeT-4vdaSP-4uPEJT-4uPEmp-4wSwcN-4wNopX-4uTJ2b-4xygCe-4uTHTN-4wNqPp\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener noreferrer\">Chinese Characters<\/a> by <a href=\"https:\/\/www.flickr.com\/photos\/no_exit\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener noreferrer\">-RS-<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Phrases with \u628a (b\u01ce) represent a peculiar characteristic of the Chinese language. The function of the character \u628a is directly derived from classical Chinese where it had the meaning of &#8220;to take&#8221;. Now this character is used for the verb &#8220;to take&#8221; and as a classifier for objects that can be grasped or objects with [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":31,"featured_media":12720,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_uag_custom_page_level_css":"","site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center 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center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[7],"tags":[390,66],"class_list":["post-12686","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-learning-chinese","tag-learn-chinese-sidebar","tag-learn-chinese"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.7 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Chinese structures with \u628a (b\u01ce) in Chinese grammar<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Find out how to use the \u628a (b\u01ce) particle in Chinese gramar\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.saporedicina.com\/english\/ba-chinese-grammar\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" 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